"Most defense contracts went to small businesses like the one I own." Immigrants from the Western Hemisphere, needed for US labor, were non-quota arrivals, exempted from the quota system. A. A) the end of the Great Depression. On December 9, 1941two days after the attackUS President Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed the American people on the radio. B. Interventionists finally agreed with the isolationist position. "The government issued a defense contract with our company, but we were not guaranteed a profit." d.) What did the dictators of totalitarian systems have in common? B. separate "The federal government encouraged us to continue producing consumer goods to keep American citizens happy. D. intercept enemy intelligence and relay it to the troops on the frontlines. C. American attempts to take over Japanese-controlled territory. With war already raging in Asia, the invasion sparked a global conflict that lasted until 1945. The IRO constitution stated that refugees and displaced persons constitute an urgent problem which is international in scope and character and while displaced persons should be returned home, refugees should be assisted by international action. C. General Montgomery had misgivings about being allied with the Soviets. promote the spread of democracy all over the world. The IRO also operated the International Tracing Service whose purpose was to help survivors find their families and learn the fate of loved ones. forcing Italy to surrender and change sides. The Nazi forces were able to buy time for more reinforcements to arrive. buying and selling coupon books for rationed goods. D. the establishment of internment camps for resident aliens. a.) C. Americans suffered heavy losses at Pearl Harbor. "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression. A. The postwar world also presented Americans with a number of problems and issues. b.) World War II, also called Second World War, conflict that involved virtually every part of the world during the years 1939-45. Kristallnacht is the name given to describe Included in this presentation are Pete Seeger's "Dear Mr. President" and "The Martins and Coys.". The war was in many respects a continuation, after an uneasy 20-year hiatus, of . At the last minute, the Senate rejected the Houses proposed amendment, which would have made a distinction between immigrants and refugees by exempting immigrants who could prove they were escaping political or racial persecution. B. The 1921 quotas were enforced on Ellis Island, not at US consulates abroad. Congress demanded an immediate end to the war 182, 186) exempted noncitizen service members from naturalization requirements related to age, race, residence, any educational tests, fees . B. Interventionists thought aid would bring us into war; isolationists thought aid would keep us out of the war. a.) A. Savage fighting and heavy American casualties occurred in the battles on Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Not all Americans participated equally in these expanding life opportunities and in the growing economic prosperity. laborers migrated from Mexico to work on farms in the West. a.) "Defense contracts during the war were undesirable, because they required that businesses pay huge upfront costs." d.) The _____ was a turning point in the war between the United States and Japan and first demonstrated the success of the island-hopping strategy. (This happened just as the systematic, Allied victory brought an end to Nazi terror in Europe in May 1945, and to the, President Harry S. Truman favored a liberal immigration policy toward, The International Refugee Organization (IRO), a temporary specialized agency of the newly established United Nations, was created in December 1946 to replace the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) and the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees (IGC), which had originally been created during the. World War II started on September 1, 1939, with the German invasion of Poland. C. the military did not expand quickly until after the creation of the draft. A) the war in Europe was over. c.) ", Choose the statement that describes an economic consequence of the United States as an "arsenal of democracy." ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. a.) How was the federal government able to borrow money from U.S. citizens? After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? He believed that cutting off Germany's shipping routes on the Atlantic was the key to winning the war. A. racial tensions related to the huge influx of laborers from Mexico. Polling also showed that more Americans supported immigration limits on Jewish DPs than on Germans who had left their homes fleeing Soviet occupation. b.) American military officials knew that many Japanese soldiers would rather die than surrender. B) the course of the war turned in favor of the Axis Powers. "As the war continued, the supply of weaponry became greater than demand and prices fell." ", d.) "When the Japanese attacked, most factories were already set up to produce for the war effort." With the support of President Gerald Ford, Congress passed a law in 1975 to allow more than 130,000 South Vietnamese and Cambodians to enter the United States, and President Jimmy Carter permitted 15,000 refugees who had escaped southeast Asia by boat to become permanent US residents in 1977. b.) A) less than 5 years "As a business owner, I had to begin to deduct a federal income tax from my employees' paychecks. A. new Geneva Convention agreements about prisoners. D. C) the creation of the International Monetary Fund. World War II is also known as the Second World War and it was a period of intense conflict which officially started on the 1st of September, 1939 and ended on the 2nd of September 1945. They had significant military value that helped to keep Japan in the war. Even as the war consumed large portions of Europe and Asia in the late 1930s . 1,584cc air-cooled OHV flat 4-cylinder engine Single Solex 34 PICT 3 carburetor 46bhp at 4,000rpm 4-speed manual transmission 4-wheel independent suspension 4-wheel hydraulic drum brakes *Lots of dealer installed options *Complete with top, side curtains, and wooden floormats *Nary a more perfect summer ride exists The Type 181The Thing Volkswagen's "Thing" had its roots in a military . C) mobilization brought economic benefits to the United States. D. Many Americans believed the Soviet Union posed a greater threat than the Nazis or the Japanese. D) the ratification of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Planning for the post-World War II world began before the United States even entered the conflict. B) the coup which put Hitler into power in 1933. The IRO also operated the International Tracing Service whose purpose was to help survivors find their families and learn the fate of loved ones. a.) To invade and occupy Italy his successful campaigns in North Africa and Sicily. The 1951 Convention only applied to persons who became refugees as a result of events occurring [in Europe] before 1 January 1951. These limits in time and geography were in place until 1967, when the Refugee Protocol expanded refugee protection to people fleeing persecution worldwide on a more permanent basis. strategically bombing Germany's major industrial centers. These and other viewpoints would be challenged with the United States' entry into World War II. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 2 On December 7, 1941 Japanese forces attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, inflicting heavy casualties and severe damage to the United States naval forces anchored there. We are now to a certain extent protected on our flanks. What events is the preamble referring to in this excerpt? D) pressuring Germany into providing financial reparations to victims of the Holocaust. B. refugees who had fled from Nazi-occupied Europe. SAN FRANCISCO When Miya Iwataki and other Japanese Americans fought in the 1980s for the U.S. government to apologize to families it imprisoned during World War II, Black politicians and civil rights leaders were integral to the movement. The gap in the labor force created by departing soldiers meant opportunities for women. A) travel anywhere within the country. c.) This online presentation includes one essay: "Making and Maintaining the Original Recordings." In this way, refugees and immigrants were still tied together in US immigration law. Pages 4 Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. Nazi Germany declared war on the United States on December 11, 1941. American concerns over Japanese aggression in the Pacific. The United States long reserved its most lucrative occupations for an elite class of white men. D. through the enlistment of volunteers to work government jobs. On December 8, Joseph Goebbels described Adolf Hitler as exceptionally happy when he learned the news. . C) Germany's attention was diverted from the war in the Pacific. In 1940, Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy, creating World War IIs Axis powers. "We were forced by the government to move from California because they feared we might be capable of sabotage or espionage. Unit 3 Challenge Questions/ The United States, Sophia U.S. History 2 Unit 4 Milestone Study, Sophia.org U.S. History II - UNIT 4 - CHALLEN, Vulnerability Scans, Security and Controls, Sophia.org U.S. History II - FINAL MILESTONE, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, Donald Kagan, Frank M. Turner, Steven Ozment. A) The United States did not want to worsen diplomatic relations with the Nazis. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. "We were faced with the possibility of deportation even though we were U.S. citizens." b.) This led to so-called midnight races, where passenger ships raced to reach the United States as soon as possible at the beginning of each month, when new portions of the quota were opened. A. The United States remained neutral in . What was the Atlantic Charter? The United Nations High Commission on Refugees assists member nations in establishing and carrying out procedures to process claims and review decisions. c.) December 8, 1941 - Congress Declares War on Japan. Which of these events helped increase world support for the establishment of Israel? But now this isnt so bad anymore. How did the United States government and American people respond to Nazism? ffidavits, attesting to their identities and good conduct, from several responsible disinterested persons, in addition to financial affidavits. Ships that arrived at 11 p.m. on August 31, for instance, could be fined for bringing passengers from countries where the quota had already been filled; one hour later, on September 1, the passengers could enter under newly opened quota slots. Otherwise, the recordings are presented as they were originally recorded. D. Japanese Americans recruited from internment camps in the Southwest, Which promise made at the Yalta Conference did Stalin ultimately renege on? Insisting that a penny saved is a penny earned, Benjamin Franklin was well known for his___ ways. D. What major advantage did the United States possess over the Soviet Union following the war? In the Soviet Union, a "cult of personality" developed around Stalin. For most Jewish refugees, the new paperwork combined with the lack of access to American diplomats ended their hope of immigration to the United States. Flushed with their success against Germany and Japan in 1945, most Americans initially viewed their place in the postwar world with optimism and confidence. What event led to the House and Senate voting to declare war? While the United States had remained neutral in the war, it responded to Japans aggression in Asia with economic sanctions that caused severe shortages of natural resources that the Japanese needed for their war effort. Today, it has become far more than a parallel. Five million women entered the workforce between 1940-1945. After World War II, the United States of America entered a period of material abundance, caused largely by increased production. B) the prosecution of Nazi war criminals in the Nuremberg Trials C. to provide support to the Filipino rebels there who were putting up resistance to the Japanese He warned that there were "hard and bitter days ahead," but pledged that the United States and its allies would "have Ukraine's back" as the war . Choose the statement that describes an effect of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. B. destroy ships and planes that threatened their expansion efforts. Allied forces strategy during World War II. C. Did not destroy all airfare Prevention of Soviet expansion in Asia C) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees. The American forces liberated Paris and much of occupied France. US consulates in Nazi-occupied territory shut down in July 1941. The United States declares war against Japan. A. The principal belligerents were the Axis powersGermany, Italy, and Japanand the AlliesFrance, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China. How did the Nazi regime differ most from the Japanese government in the 1930s? In what periods was the Mississippi River a national boundary, and why was control of the river important for the United States? C. What factors after 1939 led to US involvement in World War II? went through a period of economic instability. It created new quotas, which heavily favored England and northern Europe and set much lower quotas for immigrants from southern and eastern Europe, who had made up the majority of more recent immigration. Then, tell whether the gerund is a subject, a predicate nominative, a direct object, an indirect object, or an object of a preposition. Alan Lomax was serving as folklore consultant for the project when he sent the December 8, 1941 telegram, asking fieldworkers to collect "man-on-the-street" reactions. . B) the Axis expanded their control of territory in western Europe. Which of the following is a reason that the United States initially stayed out of World War II? Select an argument used to oppose U.S. involvement in World War II. Why was Stalin more supportive of an Allied invasion of France than Roosevelt and Churchill? He motivated Americans and established agencies to direct mobilization. contributing to a "black market" for consumer goods. The United States officially enters World War I. April 6, 1917: Two days after the U.S. Senate voted 82 to 6 to declare war against Germany, the U.S. House of Representatives endorses the . Facing History and Ourselves, "The United States Enters World War II," last updated May 2, 2022. . World War Two ended finally in the summer of nineteen forty-five. The only editing redacted interviewee names from several recordings and removed Leadbelly's two songs for which permissions have not yet been received. Which area on the map received the MOST aid from the U.S. prior to 1942? A. the federal government seized control of factories in order to increase war production. Place the events that led up to U.S. involvement in World War II in the correct order, following Hitler's appointment as Chancellor of Germany. Why was the United States reluctant to launch a land invasion of Japan? D.France and Britain sent troops to defend Poland. This enabled Roosevelt to establish what became known as the . C. It gave Germany new territory as the Soviets tried to appease Hitler. On December 9, 1941two days after the attackUS President Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed the American people on the radio. There were several well-publicized cases of Japanese American spies being caught operating in the United States. Which policy best demonstrates appeasement during the 1930s? D. . World War II changed both the type of work women did and the volume at which they did it. They underestimated Japan's ability to project military force in the Pacific. C) World War I and the Spanish Civil War Many of the scientists who developed the first atomic bomb as part of the Manhattan Project were A) less than one quarter In his address to the Reichstag, Hitler said: If it is the will of Providence that the German people not be spared this struggle, then I will be grateful to Providence for having appointed me leader in a historic contest, which for the next five hundred or one thousand years, will decisively affect not only German history but also the history of Europe, and indeed all of mankind. The relationship between the Allies was complicated by "My factory converted its production lines to produce bombers, and we hired more workers. On April 30, 1945, Adolf Hitler Since 1980, the United States has had a defined procedure for carrying out the countrys agreed-upon duties under the protocol. What did the Nazi-Soviet pact accomplish for Germany? 2. To address the need, federal funding began flowing to nursing schools in 1942, and in 1943 Congress authorized the Cadet Nurse Corps. As a result, the quota for the British Isles rose from 34,007 to 65,721, while the quota for Germany fell significantly, from 51,227 to 25,957. B) head of the United Nations Security Council The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor because they wanted to In 1951, the United Nations adopted the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, which has been signed by 145 nations. cooperating in trials to bring former Nazis to justice Japan targeted civilian populations when they dropped bombs on the Allied Powers. What was the primary goal of the U.S. strategy of "island hopping" in the Pacific? It is our obligation to our deadit is our sacred obligation to their children and to our childrenthat we must never forget what we have learned. \underline{\hspace{3cm}} Fierce, wild dogs are inhabitants of the island, too. laborers migrated from Mexico to work in factories in the North. One appeal of totalitarianism was the promise of: C) about 15 years American neutrality in the first years of the war in Europe. World War II was just six years long but surprisingly, it had two presidents ruling the United States during its course. A portion of this project aimed to create documentary recordings of Americans from around the country who described their lives, sang their songs, and told the stories of their own regions. . The act allowed approximately 190,000 refugees, escapees, and expellees to arrive in the United States before the legislation expired in 1956. On December 8, 1941 (the day after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor), Alan Lomax, then "assistant in charge" of the Archive of American Folk Song (now the American Folklife Center archive), sent a telegram to fieldworkers in ten different localities across the United States, asking them to collect "man-on-the-street" reactions of ordinary Americans to the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the subsequent declaration of war by the United States. C. If a sentence has no predicate adjective, write None on the line provided. Which U.S. government agency was formed as a response to the news that the Soviet Union had detonated a nuclear device? The labor demands of war industries caused millions more Americans to move--largely to the Atlantic, Pacific . D. Consistent with overall anti-immigrant sentiments in the country, the State Department viewed the quotas as limits, rather than goals, and did not seek to fill the quotas. Choose the statement that best describes a reason President Truman decided to drop atomic bombs on Japan. A combination of presidential directives and congressional legislation aided other specific groups of refugees. They feature a wide diversity of opinion concerning the war and other social and political issues of the day, such as racial prejudice and labor disputes. Choose which phrase was a factor in President Truman's decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan. They had developed a new technology that was able to jam the Nazi radar. Dwight D. Eisenhower was made Supreme Commander of Allied Forces following Students reflect on the unit as a whole and begin to write a strong thesis statement for their essay. Industry stopped . It would prevent the Axis from receiving reinforcements from Japan's Indian Ocean fleet. c.) How did WACs contribute to the American war effort? Claudia Bautista, Santa Monica, Calif. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. After the Day of Infamy: "Man-on-the-Street" Interviews Following the Attack on Pearl Harbor presents approximately twelve hours of opinions recorded in the days and months following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, from more than two hundred individuals in cities and towns across the United States. (Later on, they would see them as a potential national security risk.) . C. D) the signing of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. C. the brutal nature of the war in the Pacific. Congress finally passed a Displaced Persons Act only reluctantly, and without public hearings. Did not destroy all ships/ Negative Japan had a larger army and more airplanes and submarines than the Americans. When did the United States enter World War I? a.) Americans and the Holocaust online exhibition, Teaching Materials on Americans and the Holocaust, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Library bibliography: The United States and the Holocaust, Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. B. a victory by Filipino soldiers over the Japanese. The United States did not sign the 1951 Refugee Convention, but did sign the 1967 United Nations Refugee Protocol, which removed those geographical and time limitations. 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW The image and reality of overall economic prosperity--and the upward mobility it provided for many white Americans--was not lost on those who had largely been excluded from the full meaning of the American Dream, both before and after the war. After World War I, America became an isolationist nation. C. The 1953 Refugee Relief Act defined refugee (someone in a non-Communist country fleeing persecution), escapee (someone fleeing communism), and expellee" (an ethnic German forced out of Eastern Europe). D. "The government rejected deficit spending as a way to finance war production." B) about 10 years The Nazi forces were crippled by having to use their reserve forces and supplies. Many Americans felt he was simply trying to postpone the inevitable war in Europe. A) the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights B) instituted the systematic extermination of German Jews. A. ", United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, The Nazi Persecution of Black People in Germany, The Nazi Olympics Berlin 1936: African American Voices and "Jim Crow" America. Diego Rivera. B) provide the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question." To divide the German army B. To protect Soviet troops in France. B. The result is a portrait of everyday life in America as the United States entered World War II. Pete Seeger playing banjo, 1948. What were the reasons behind the U.S. assault on the island of Guadalcanal? his decisive victory at the Battle of Guadalcanal. C) the Allies invaded Germany from Denmark and Sweden. TTY: 202.488.0406, In 1929, immigration was further limited to a total of 153,879 and the new quotas were re-calculated using complicated math based on the existing national origins of the population as reflected in the 1920 census and the new immigration cap. African American workers were paid the same wages as whites. Before World War II and the Holocaust, American law made very little distinction between refugees forced to flee their countries due to persecution, and immigrants seeking a better life. the Japanese were not expecting a U.S. offensive there. The legislation never made it out of committee for a vote. The US military was not prepared to fight a global war in 1941. The preamble mentions "the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind." B. The Senate passed a bill on June 2, 1948, the House passed another on June 11, and a hurried compromise ensued, finally reaching the president on the final day of the congressional session. . "We were faced with the possibility of deportation even though we were U.S. U.S. and British forces struck a major blow against the Nazis' capacity to make war by 1942: Feb. 19. published this 12-page pamphlet after the U.S. had entered World War II. C. Virtually none of the fighting had taken place on U.S. soil. In the twenty years following 1945, there was a broad political consensus concerning the Cold War and anti-Communism. Sources. Underline each predicate adjective or compound predicate adjective in the following sentences. This online presentation also includes a set of interviews conducted in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. C. the military did not expand quickly until after the creation of the draft. One event leading up to World War II was implementing the Nuremberg Laws which refused German citizenship to Jews. purchasing government war bonds. After a day the incident, on 8th September 1941, United States President Franklin Delano Roosevelt declared war on Japan and made its first entry into WW2. The Soviet Union owed the United States a massive amount of debt. D. B. WACs coordinated recruiting efforts for all of the armed services. B. through the sale of coupon books for consumer goods School Mayland Community College; Course Title HISTORY HIS 131; Uploaded By BailiffPelicanPerson609. c.) B) victory over the Axis Powers and the Soviet Union D. He thought that the United States would try to establish a permanent military presence in Western Europe. his skillful handling of the Allied offensive at Normandy. B. Truman's advisors were concerned that Great Britain might claim territory in Asia if fighting continued. D. b.) D. Japan feeling threatened by the U.S. presence in Asia and the Pacific. D. These laws did not change in the 1930s, as desperate Jewish refugees attempted to immigrate from Nazi Germany. Although the IRO constitution was drawn up in December 1946, the organization did not begin work until 1948, when the nations paying the majority of the IROs expenses had ratified the constitution. The most pressing threat, the Allieds decided in the beginning, was Hitler's Germany. "We began a civil rights campaign to achieve both a victory in Europe and a victory over racism in the U.S." They sought peace through isolation and throughout the 1920s advocated a policy of disarmament and nonintervention. The Refugee Act of 1980 remains in effect. In the late 1930s, Jews fleeing Nazi persecution in Europe were consistently referred to as refugees. However, this term had no legal meaning under US law, save for theoretically exempting these immigrants from having to pass a literacy test. He wanted to keep the other Allies busy so he could divide Eastern Europe as he saw fit. A second set of recordings, in which the interviewees were asked to address their thoughts and opinions on the attack and the declaration of war directly to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was made under the auspices of the Office of Emergency Management in January and February 1942. C. Why did the Allies refuse to bomb railway lines to the Nazi death camps? A. through the sale of government issued war bonds C. opposition to policies requiring racial segregation of factory workers. C. D) the division of Germany into communist and non-communist sectors. These recordings total approximately seven and one half hours and were also used to create a radio program, entitled "Dear Mr. President," which was broadcast in May 1942. C) the policy of putting Jews into concentration camps. a.) The Library of Congress offers classroom materials and professional development to help teachers effectively use primary sources from the Library's vast digital collections in their teaching. c) it maintained control of the Philippines. Millions of men and women entered military service and saw parts of the world they would likely never have seen otherwise. It would allow the Allies to gain control of the precious oil fields in the Middle East. the Central Intelligence Agency. Hours later, the United States declared war on both countries. In 1950, Congress amended the Displaced Persons Act, an amendment Truman signed with very great pleasure. The Act authorized a total of 400,744 visas for displaced persons (of which 172,230 had been issued in the previous two years) and removed the geographical and chronological limits which had discriminated against Jewish DPs. ensure cooperation between the major powers of the world. Yet the United States would not enter the war until it was attacked directly. The 1924 law capped quota immigration at 164,667 people per year. By the time the United States entered World War II, it had already been providing aid to areas threatened by Axis powers. They were historically significant. Six million European Jews had been murdered. A) process the forced deportation of German Jews to other countries. After the United States entered World War II, A. the federal government seized control of factories in order to increase war production. In his 1947 State of the Union, Truman stated, We are dealing with a human problem, a world tragedy. In his 1948 State of the Union, he argued for suitable legislation at once so that this nation may do its share in caring for homeless and suffering refugees of all faiths. Putting Jews into concentration camps enforced on Ellis island, not at US consulates in territory... 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Japan feeling threatened by Axis powers as he saw fit people respond to Nazism large portions Europe! Us immigration law and Italy, creating World war II, a. the federal government encouraged US continue. Fighting had taken place on U.S. soil and supplies sorrow to mankind. addressed the American people on frontlines! Divide Eastern Europe as he saw fit we hired more workers States declared war on the radio increased! Initially stayed out of World war II, it had two presidents ruling the United States World! Segregation of factory workers aid to areas threatened by the U.S. strategy of `` island hopping '' in 1930s! General Montgomery had misgivings about being Allied with the Nazis war on Japan occupations for an elite of..., as desperate Jewish refugees Japanese Americans recruited from internment camps in the summer of nineteen forty-five Nations establishing! Material abundance, caused largely by increased production. as an `` arsenal of democracy all over the.... 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