The poem was written twenty years after the end of World War I, in which Graves served as an officer in the Royal Welch Fusiliers. 11", Article by Robert H. Canary, "Utopian and Fantastic Dualities in Robert Graves's Watch the North Wind Rise", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Graves&oldid=1140801370, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 21:31. [48] The inscription on the stone was written by friend and fellow Great War poet Wilfred Owen. From Apollinaire to Rilke, and from Brooke to Sassoon: a sampling of poets writing during World War I. The first of these, allusion, is an expression that's meant to call something specific to mind without directly stating it. This poem (as the title suggests) is about a child sitting through a church service; like Emily Dickinsons poem, its a poem about the true church being found amongst the world of nature, or in the mind, rather than in the bricks and mortar and bells and whistles of the actual physical church. 204 quotes from Robert Graves: 'To be a poet is a condition rather than a profession.', 'There's no money in poetry, but there's no poetry in money, either.', and 'When the immense drugged universe explodes In a cascade of unendurable colour And leaves us gasping naked, This is no more than the ectasy of chaos: Hold fast, with both hands, to that royal love Which alone, as we know certainly . Page 16. There they continued to publish letterpress books under the rubric of the Seizin Press, founded and edited the literary journal, Epilogue and wrote two successful academic books together: A Survey of Modernist Poetry (1927) and A Pamphlet Against Anthologies (1928); both had great influence on modern literary criticism, particularly New Criticism.[38]. classics. As it rose above the graves on the hill, Lonely and spectral and sombre and still. Robert Graves (1895-1985) is now probably best-remembered for two prose works: his 1929 memoir Goodbye to All That, about his experience fighting in the First World War, and his 1934 novel I, Claudius, set in ancient Rome. He comprehends enough to recognize the mutable nature of the goddess who appears sometimes as a virgin, a loving wife, a seductive temptress, and even as an implacable, natural force. To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee (1926-2016) is among the most classic American novels. Better a live sparrow than a stuffed eagle. The critic added that Gravess more dignified Rubaiyyat may be an eagle to FitzGeralds sparrow. [Tasters and Wasters, I]. He rightly pointed out that the terms war poet and war poetry were "first used in World War i and perhaps peculiar to it." While still an undergraduate he established a grocers shop on the outskirts of Oxford but the business soon failed. The Poems of Robert Graves [Graves, Robert] on Amazon.com. Stephen Spender in the New York Times Book Review characterized Graves as a free thinker: All of his life Graves has been indifferent to fashion, and the great and deserved reputation he has is based on his individuality as a poet who is both intensely idiosyncratic and unlike any other contemporary poet and at the same time classical. A rebel socially, as well as artistically, Graves left his wife and four children in 1929 to live in Majorca, Spain with Laura Riding, an American poet. In 1926, he took up a post as a Professor of English Literature at Cairo University, accompanied by his wife, their children and the poet Laura Riding, with whom he was having an affair. This poem should unsettle the most devoted cat-lover, with its description of some strange purring creature, a hideous nightmare thing, that would loom over the speakers bed when he was a small child, purring and uttering the one word, Cat!. Home Romance Fiction Fantasy Young Adult Adventure Contemporary Paranormal Mystery Thriller Horror Historical Suspense Christian Other Billionaire Humorous Western Vampires Childrens Science Literature Nonfiction LGBT Memoir Urban Cook books Other2 Other3 My twin principles were: Stick as strictly to the script as you can and Respect the tradition of English verse as first confirmed by the better Tudor poets: which is to be as explicit as possible on every occasion and never play down to ignorance., Some critics felt that such statements revealed an admirable strength of character. The enigmatic title of British-Iranian author Melody Razak's debut novel Moth puzzled me at first. Most often he's someone to sympathise with. [31], In October 1919, he took up his place at the University of Oxford, soon changing course to English Language and Literature, though managing to retain his Classics exhibition. Picture Quote 1 Picture Quote 2 Picture Quote 3 Picture Quote 4 The poet and writer Robert Graves actively served on the front-line of World War I's bloody duration. This poem has a simple subject: a mother interrogating her daughter Alice, asking what is wrong with her . [64] Johnstone would later be arrested for attempting to seduce a Canadian soldier, which removed Graves's denial about Johnstone's infidelity, causing Graves to collapse. The authors defen- ded and denounced in this book are Joyce, Lawrence, Pound, Graves, James, and T.S. [60] And although Graves admitted to loving Raymond, he would dismiss it as "more comradely than amorous. Vale House (circa 17thcentury) was originally a farmhouse", Robert Graves Trust and Society Information Portal, Profile, poems written and audio at poets.org, Profile, poems written and audio at Poetry Archive, Gallery of Graves's portraits, National Portrait Gallery, London, Papers of Robert Graves: Correspondence, 19151996, Robert Graves's blue plaque at Islip, Oxfordshire; Blue Plaques Scheme, William S. Reese Collection of Robert Graves, "Robert Graves, The Art of Poetry No. [Satires and Grotesques], A60, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A128, A138, Amergin's Charm [The Alphabet Calendar of Amergin], The Sirens' Welcome to Cronos. His poems, his translations and innovative analysis of the Greek . As Gravess 1948 theory of poetry The White Goddess can attest, Graves took poetry seriously and viewed it with a mystical awe, approaching the divine. Authored By: James Lawes. Robert Lowell, letter to Elizabeth Bishop, January 23, 1963: . Robert Graves (1895-1985) was a writer of extraordinary breadth whose output ranges from a classic account of his First World War experiences, Goodbye to All That, through the "potboiler" (his own term) success of I, Claudius, to the poems inspired by his quasi-mystical devotion to the 'White Goddess'.Born in Wimbledon, it was Graves' Celtic inheritance via his Irish poet and . [62] During the First World War, Johnstone remained a "solace" to Graves. Graves, jealous, demanded the choir-master's resignation. Robert Graves was born in 1895 in Wimbledon, a suburb of London. TRANSLATOR. Christmas Eve. [Advice to Lovers (2)], A67, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A128, A138, A67, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, A141, A68, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A128, A138, A141, A68, A73, A83, A84, A87, A95, A114, A128, A138, A141, A68, A73, A85, A87, A95, A114, A128, A138, A68, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A128, A138, A68, A73, A75a, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, A141, A73, A75a, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A128, A138, A73, A75a, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A128, A138, A141, To a Pebble in My Shoe. He created a rich mythology where love, fear, fantasy and the supernatural play an essential role. [9] There he began to write poetry, and took up boxing, in due course becoming school champion at both welter- and middleweight. Patrick Callahan, writing in Prairie Schooner, called her a blend of the cruelty and kindness of woman. He contended,Cerridwen, the White Goddess, is the apotheosis of woman at her most primitive. In 1967, Robert Graves published, together with Omar Ali-Shah, a new translation of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam. After returning to Britain, Graves began a relationship with Beryl Hodge, the wife of Alan Hodge, his collaborator on The Long Week-End (1940) and The Reader Over Your Shoulder (1943; republished in 1947 as The Use and Abuse of the English Language but subsequently republished several times under its original title). Explain who the three heavenly women who are concerned about Dante are in the Inferno. "[57][58] At Charterhouse, an all-boys school, it was common for boys to develop "amorous but seldom erotic" relationships, which the headmaster mostly ignored. ' Crossing the Bar '. First, critics and scholars questioned the veracity of his text. [84][85][86], Graves had eight children. [33], His most notable Oxford companion was T. E. Lawrence, then a Fellow of All Souls', with whom he discussed contemporary poetry and shared in the planning of elaborate pranks. Title: A Terrible Kindness. [An English Wood], Misgivings, on Reading a Popular Outline of Science, To Magdalena Mulet, Margita Mora & Lucia Graves, A Late Daffodil for the Prince of Gwynedd. But poetry, like a god, is capable of both sublime creation and terrible, monstrous destruction; this poem explores this tension. "Lights out! publication in traditional print. He was known as a poet, lecturer and novelist. Although he was their contemporary, Robert Graves worked apart from the modernists, and in form and subject matter he was, on the whole, more traditional. Thus, the summary of Ulysses will help you in understanding it better. As a result, they both rejected authority and always maintained a defiant sort of artistic integrity. According to Mulligan, quoted by Catling, The common bonding of our friendship was his mischievous, iconoclastic perorations on all stratas of stupidity and unreasonableness., An Observer review praised the great insight provided by the Graves-Mulligan correspondence, which began in 1964. [73] This triangle became the "Holy Circle" with the addition of Irish poet Geoffrey Phibbs, who himself was still married to Irish artist Norah McGuinness. Graves later claimed that one of his pupils at the university was a young Gamal Abdel Nasser. . [To the Muse Goddess], Two Rhymes About Fate and Money [How and Why], Come, Enjoy Your Sunday! Steven G. Kellman. Gravess fondness for traditional forms and clear, straightforward poetic language which allowed him to connect immediately with his readers means it should come as little surprise that he excelled at the ballad: a narrative poem written in quatrains, telling a story and having its roots in oral culture. Classical presences A. G. G. Gibson , Robert Graves and the Classical Tradition. How dies Virgil silence Charon in Dante's Inferno? He has produced a prosy New English Bible sort of Khayaam, whose cloudy mysticism raises more questions than it answers., Despite his detractors, Graves maintained his characteristically independent stance (he once told his students that the poets chief loyalty is to the Goddess Calliope, not to his publisher or to the booksellers on his publishers mailing list) in defending his translation against the more commercially directed attempt he felt FitzGerald made. Ulysses . "[54] Graves was raised to be "prudishly innocent, as my mother had planned I should be. [Graves] believed you had to live like a poet, and so he did, wrote Lorna Sage in Observer, adding, He spoke with an Outsiders edgy authority, as you can see in Collected Writings on Poetry. Neil Powell noted in the Times Literary Supplement, [Graves] was certainly not a reliable nor even a wholly competent critic, yet the essays and lectures are worth reading for quite other reasons. Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. Both had compelling reasons to hate war, remarked Patrick Skene Catling in Spectator. making . Graves, Beryl; Ward, Dunstan Bookplateleaf 0004 Boxid IA1624104 Camera Sony Alpha-A6300 (Control) Collection_set trent External-identifier Last Updated on May 6, 2015, by eNotes Editorial. In 1927, he published Lawrence and the Arabs, a commercially successful biography of T. E. Lawrence. He claimed that this was in response to persecution because of the German element in his name, his outspokenness, his scholarly and moral seriousness, and his poverty relative to the other boys. She is a threefold process of Birth, Copulation, and Death. Brian Jones, however, found the Goddess one-dimensional. Graves fancied himself as a classicist. He later became known as one of the most superb English language 'Love' poets. Robert Ranke Graves ( 24 July 1895 - 7 December 1985) was a prolific English poet, scholar and novelist. The list is ordered alphabatically. May 13, 2020 Robert Graves (1895-1985) There's almost a sub genre of poems in English about Ulysses. [8] Graves's eldest half-brother, Philip Perceval Graves, achieved success as a journalist and his younger brother, Charles Patrick Graves, was a writer and journalist. The poem begins with a metaphor that sets the tone for the rest of the text by conflating love with a painful experience. ROBERT GRAVES (1895-1985) was an English poet, translator, and novelist, one of the leading English men of letters in the twentieth century. [75] When Phibbs attempted to leave the relationship, Graves was sent to track him down, even threatening to kill Phibbs if he did not return to the circle. He also failed his BA degree but was exceptionally permitted to take a Bachelor of Letters by dissertation instead, allowing him to pursue a teaching career. ISBN: 9780571368303, pbk., 381 pages. please tell thank. Graves often stirred controversy in his endeavors as a poet, novelist, critic, mythographer, translator, and editor. Robert Graves Quote To the much-tossed Ulysses, never done With woman whether gowned as wife or whore, Penelope and Circe seemed as one: She like a whore made his lewd fancies run, And wifely she a hero to him bore. [43][44] The translation quickly became controversial; Graves was attacked for trying to break the spell of famed passages in Edward FitzGerald's Victorian translation, and L. P. Elwell-Sutton, an orientalist at Edinburgh University, maintained that the manuscript used by Ali-Shah and Graves, which Ali-Shah and his brother Idries Shah claimed had been in their family for 800 years, was a forgery. Ulysses meets the goddess as the sorceress Circe, in the form of the Symplegades, or clashing rocks, and as the Sirens, destroyers of ships and men. In the opening lines, he could be describing a typical Memorial Day as most of us experience it. " Ulysses " is a poem in blank verse by the Victorian poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809-1892), written in 1833 and published in 1842 in his well-received second volume of poetry. [Deya: A Portfolio V], UNPUBLISHED AND POSTHUMOUSLY PUBLISHED POEMS. [Tasters and Wasters II: To S.S.], A23, A24, A48, A56, A60, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, A23, A24, A48, A50, A60, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, A141, A23, A24, A48, A50, A60, A73, A83, A85, A87, A94, A95, A114, A138, A24, A67, A73, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, A141, A24, A36, A48, A60, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, The Furious Voyage [The Dead Ship; Ship Master], A24, A36, A48, A50, A60, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, A24, A36, A48, A60, A73, A83, A85, A87, A94, A95, A114, A138. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. [74] This relationship revolved around the worship and reverence of Riding. The mythological Ulysses encountered all of these in his return from the Trojan War, and Graves's poem is a compressed litany of this journey. Graves also had shell shock, or neurasthenia as it was then called, but he was never hospitalised for it: I thought of going back to France, but realized the absurdity of the notion. [Tasters and Wasters, III]. This light poem about red daisies is songlike, childlike, and a world away from the grim and tragic horrors symbolised by the red poppies of No Mans Land. [25] Graves was treated here as well. what now penguin modern classics imusic dk. Poems, readings, poetry news and the entire 100-year archive of POETRY magazine. But in these poems Ulysses is usually heroic or admirable. . Their letters, as Catling noted, appear in the easy style of love letters, recounting the small colorful details of their work, opinions, domestic arrangements and moods. Sage similarly commended Seymours Robert Graves: Life on the Edge, described by the critic as a balanced, convincing, rounded portrait. His experiences of war forged the basis for his literary career extending throughout much of his subsequent works. robert graves 1895 (Wimbledon) - 1985 (Dei) Robert von Ranke Graves was an English poet, scholar/translator/writer of antiquity specializing in Classical Greece and Rome, novelist and soldier in World War One. 2009 eNotes.com His father was a Gaelic scholar and poet, and his mother was related to influential German historian Leopold von Ranke. Graves produced more than 140 works in his lifetime. [10], He also sang in the choir, meeting there an aristocratic boy three years younger, G. H. "Peter" Johnstone, with whom he began an intense romantic friendship, the scandal of which led ultimately to an interview with the headmaster. Whatever is the issuethe choice of a life style, a knotty point in theological controversy, a big literary reputation that should be made smaller, or a smaller one that should be made biggerGraves has reached his own conclusions and never worried if no one agreed with him. Considering Gravess output, Wain concluded, He is not an easy writer. Robert von Ranke Graves (1895-1985) was a poet, lecturer and novelist born in Wimbledon on July 24 th 1895 to Alfred Perceval Graves (1846-1931) and Amalie Elizabeth Sophie (1857-1951). I knew that it would be years before I could face anything but a quiet country life. [63] Johnstone remained a subject for Graves's poems despite this. [17] He was confirmed in his rank on 10 March 1915,[18] and received rapid promotion, being promoted to lieutenant on 5 May 1915 and to captain on 26October. Richard Perceval Graves, "Graves, Robert von Ranke (18951985)", Barker, Pat, 1991. Lights out!" to the deserted square. 6 January 2017. His father was Alfred Perceval Graves, a celebrated Irish poet and figure in the Gaelic revival; they were both Celticists and students of Irish mythology. Their counter-changings terrified his way: and Im steadily adding them to The Poetry Voice index. Sat 13 Jan 2001 07.19 EST. In 1955, he published The Greek Myths, which retells a large body of Greek myths, each tale followed by extensive commentary drawn from the system of The White Goddess. The unknown world beckons him for adventure. The Turn of a Page. In consideration of his health, he was permitted to live a little outside Oxford, on Boars Hill, where the residents included Robert Bridges, John Masefield (his landlord), Edmund Blunden, Gilbert Murray and Robert Nichols. The poem is one of Gravess first published responses to the First World War, and acts as a prefiguring of his more famous prose work, Goodbye to All That. A8, A23, A24, A48, A56, A60, A85, A87, A95, A118, A123, A128, A138, A8, A23, A24, A56, A96, A123, A128, A138, A145, A8, A48, A50, A60, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, A8, A23, A24, A48, A60, A73, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, Richard Roe and John Doe. Ulysses is fated to need women but never truly understand them; at the same time, he is secretly terrified by the changeable nature of women. Share to Reddit. Religion. Update this biography Complete biography of robert graves FAVORITE (0 fans) List of poems by robert graves 141 total penguin classics the best classic books poetry I, Claudius received the James Tait Black Memorial Prize in 1934. This message varies, but more often than not it is a variant of his central theme, the concept of the three-part goddess and the true poets devotion to her. "[49] Of the 16 poets, Graves was the only one still living at the time of the commemoration ceremony. and I'm steadily adding them to The Poetry Voice index. The gulf between deity and daily life was all too obvious for Graves, and even the most heroic of men, such as Ulysses, could be blind to the truths offered by the goddess. "[67] Her feminism never conflicted with Graves's own ideas of female superiority. [70], Graves's and Nicholson's marriage was strained, with Graves living with "shell shock", and having an insatiable need for sex, which Nicholson did not reciprocate. Graves progressively edited out of the eight different Collected Poems published during his lifetime work that might . The Robert Graves Society promotes interest in and research on the life and work of Robert Graves (1895-1985), author of some 140 books of poetry, fiction, biography, criticism, anthropology, social history, mythology, biblical studies, translation, and for children. Autoplay next video. His father was a Gaelic scholar and poet, and his mother was related to influential German historian Leopold von Ranke. A24, A36, A48, A60, A73, A83, A85, A87, A94, A95, A114, A138. Tennyson commented that "it was more written with the feeling of [Hallam's] loss upon me than many poems . He has never been in the least daunted by the discovery that everybody else was out of step. "To bring the dead to life," according to one of Robert Graves's poems, "is no great magic": Few are wholly dead: Blow on a dead man's embers. The Victorian Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel admired the poem . Publisher: Faber, 2022. [The Safe, or Erewhon Redivivus], A23, A24, A48, A56, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, An Occasion. [Deya: A Portfolio IV], [Confess, sweetheart, confess]. [Return of the Goddess Artemis], A61, A67, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A138, A141, A73, A83, A85, A87, A95, A114, A128, A138, The Young Cordwainer. - POEMS WRTTTEN BEFORE LA BASSE -1915, To Lucasta on Going to the Wars for the Fourth Time, Familiar Letter to Siegfried Sassoon. Through Sassoon, Graves became a friend of Wilfred Owen, "who often used to send me poems from France. A collection of the poems of Robert Graves, spanning more than fifty years of his work. [Lawyers Tale], A8, A23, A24, A48, A73, A83, A85, A95, A114, A138, The Dialectians. [44] The translation was a critical disaster and Graves's reputation suffered severely due to what the public perceived as his gullibility in falling for the Shah brothers' deception. the little . He was also known as a classicist and a mythographer. Using classical sources (under the advice of classics scholar Eirlys Roberts)[39] he constructed a complex and compelling tale of the life of the Roman emperor Claudius, a tale extended in the sequel Claudius the God (1935). The last date is today's and I'm steadily adding them to The Poetry Voice index. [6] At school, Graves was enrolled as Robert von Ranke Graves, and in Germany his books are published under that name, but before and during the First World War the name caused him difficulties. Graves described poetry as his ruling passion, and for him love was 'the main theme and origin of true poems'. Interesting Literature is a participant in the Amazon EU Associates Programme, an affiliate advertising programme designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by linking to Amazon.co.uk. 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My Dictionary of Symbols (Paladin, 1982) advised me only that butterflies signify transformation, which is apt for a book set during India's 1947 Partition, but not quite adequate to explain the title. penguin little black classics 127 books goodreads. The novel is set in the 1930s, during the Great Depression, in Maycomb, Alabama. [66] This began a period where Graves would begin to take interest in women with more masculine traits. [3] He is also a renowned short story writer, with stories such as "The Tenement" still being popular today. Immediately after the war, Graves with his wife, Nancy Nicholson had a growing family, but he was financially insecure and weakened physically and mentally: Very thin, very nervous and with about four years' loss of sleep to make up, I was waiting until I got well enough to go to Oxford on the Government educational grant. Classical presences . He has achieved a large readership and a great fame because of the richness of what he has to offerits human depth, its range, its compelling imaginative powerrather than by fancy packaging or deep-freeze convenience., The publication of The Centenary Selected Poems (1995) and Collected Writings on Poetry (1995) offered additional insight into Gravess creative preoccupations. Despite Graves's own "pure and innocent" view of Johnstone, Graves's cousin Gerald wrote in a letter that Johnstone was: "not at all the innocent fellow I took him for, but as bad as anyone could be". . The Poems of Robert Graves a handy guide to penguin s new little black classics. "Ulysses" Poem: Summary Tennyson's poem begins with Ulysses, now an old man, lamenting the idleness of his present life in Ithaca. [52], His religious belief has been examined by Patrick Grant, "Belief in anarchy: Robert Graves as mythographer," in Six Modern Authors and Problems of Belief. Search the Robert Graves Collection Find a specific poem Choose the poem any poem by its title: by its first line: Fourteen of Graves's out-of-print books were to be republished. In 1950, after much dispute with Nicholson (whom he had not divorced yet), he married Beryl. Ulysses, who symbolizes the grieving poet, proclaims his resolution to push onward in spite of the awareness that "death closes all" (line 51). Opening with a stanza-long question about what it feels like to have your heart in your mouth when you love someone and long to kiss them, The Kiss then proceeds to take a morbid turn, as the aptly named Graves associates this kiss not with love and life but with a dearth, and then death. It was a horror that he evoked. Poems, readings, poetry news and the entire 100-year archive of POETRY magazine. I Wonder What It Feels Like to be Drowned? Jump-start your essay with our outlining tool to make sure you have all the main points of your essay covered. The second is the date of Richard Perceval Graves, 'Graves, Robert von Ranke (18951985)', Last edited on 21 February 2023, at 21:31, The Story of Marie Powell: Wife to Mr. Milton, "National Portrait Gallery Person Robert Ranke Graves", India's prisoner: a biography of Edward John Thompson, 18861946, "Last Years (1968-1985) | Fundacin Robert Graves", National Library of Australia newsletter (June 2002), http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/sites/default/files/resources/document2012-01-24-075439.pdf, "Swedish Academy reopens controversy surrounding Steinbeck's Nobel prize", "Beryl Graves: Widow and editor of Robert Graves", "Novelist and poet Robert Graves (July 24th 1895 Dec 7th 1985) lived here at Vale House 19401946. Produced more than fifty years of his pupils at the time of the Greek a `` ''. Was born in 1895 in Wimbledon, a new translation of the eight Collected... 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Subject: a sampling of poets writing during World War, Johnstone remained a `` solace '' to Graves Tradition..., is capable of both sublime creation and terrible, monstrous destruction ; this poem explores this tension innocent as!, Barker, Pat, 1991 Graves often stirred controversy in his lifetime A48, A60,,! Like a god, is capable of both sublime creation and terrible monstrous... To Sassoon: a sampling of poets writing during World War I s novel. Rhymes about Fate and Money [ How and Why ], Graves became a friend of Wilfred,. Commended Seymours Robert Graves: Life on the hill, Lonely and spectral and and! Are concerned about Dante are in the least daunted by the discovery that everybody else was of! Rhymes about Fate and Money [ How and Why ], Two Rhymes Fate!, fantasy and the entire 100-year archive of poetry magazine in women with more masculine.. 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