I read this intvu again and if there are two people I'd love to talk to, it's Rachel and June. Q: Was any of this an issue in your marriage? People sent us money following the assassination, because Mom was young with two small children and didn't speak the language. At U-M, she would join 29 international students from Mexico, Israel, Greece, the Dominican Republic and elsewhere hoping to improve their English. Just as many had sympathy and compassion for Oswald, others believed she was somehow complicit in her husbands killing of the president. It was the committees hope to keep the matter from becoming public information in order that Mrs. Oswalds opportunity to review the matter objectively would not be lost, he said. WebLee Harvey Oswalds youngest daughter, Rachel, was only one month old in 1963 when her father allegedly killed President Kennedy, and was shot to death himself. Q: How did you feel about being singled out? Lee Harvey Oswalds youngest daughter, Rachel, was only one month old in 1963 when her father allegedly killed President Kennedy, and was shot to death himself. Twenty-eight years later, she granted this TV interview. Raised by her stepfather, Rachel Oswald Porter didnt know who her birth father was as a young child. A: Mom kept us together. Got a question? Almost immediately, she began receiving offers of help money, clothing, food, housing from around the country. In her early years, grocery shopping with her mother, Marina, and sister, Rachel, took place amid stares and finger-pointing; hushed conversations ignited around them like flash fires as they walked the supermarket aisles. Chris Holmstrom CBS, Bio, Wiki, Age, Wife, KCAL9, Salary, and Net Worth, Charley Pride Death, Bio, Wiki, Age, Wife, Children, Songs, Albums, and Net Worth. I believe he's the first writer-researcher to get interviews with sources in the Russian Government and so this is an opportunity to shed new light on the subject from an area that has never been explored in any meaningful depth. We didn't use the Oswald name, and it didn't come up a lot around the house except when reporters would call. The Gunman and His Mother: Lee Harvey Oswald, Marguerite Oswald, and the Making of an Assassin (Kindle Single), 2023 Smithsonian Magazine She is convinced that her phones are tapped by the Secret Service and the Secret Service wants to kill her. So I ended up supporting him. ", I said I appreciate it, but I really don't get involved in that. I know you were just a toddler, but do you have any recollections of turbulence in the household?A: I don't have any real memories of those ages. An obituary in the Wichita Falls Times Record News reported the elder Oswald was 83 at the time of his death. Thank you for posting this excellent article. I tell her, "Rachel, for all we know, we could have been living in the streets." On November 25, 1963, the nations gaze was transfixed by the horse-drawn caisson and final burial of President John F. Kennedy. She sat us down, with my stepbrother, and started to explain who our father was- that it wasn't Kenneth - and who Lee was and what he had done. I was really supportive. ", Under the watch of the Secret Service, the grieving widow and her children stayed with Marguerite at the Inn of the Six Flags Motel outside Dallas. MORE THAN 30 YEARS AFTER the Kennedy assassination, Lee Harvey Oswald is a name that will not go away. Just out of the blue. Oct. 19, 2013 at Loyola University in New Orleans. Hey Dixie! Six weeks A: I think there definitely is circumstantial evidence that could imply he had something to do with it because of the characters he was hanging out with in New Orleans. WebAbout one year after Lee Harvey Oswald returned from the Soviet Union with his new Soviet wife and young daughter, he became famous when he was arrested on suspicion of killing President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963. She implored the audience to question accepted knowledge about the assassination. We are very close -- except when these kinds of things come up. If she was led to LHO in Russia and then to his family after Dallas, what does that tell us? ", There was no expression of remorse, no regret, only an unceasing drive to carry on, fight on, despite the abandonment of her family and friends. There's always been this little group that's followed us -- Mom, Rachel and me -- and calls us and is fascinated by anything surrounding us. Do I need to be more compassionate' about it? Just out of the blue. Together, they would learn and study five hours every weekday for eight weeks. The next memory I actually have is in second grade. She left town two days later, an alumna of Michigan. Marina Oswald Porter was the Soviet-American widow of Lee Harvey Oswald. Because that's mostly what I think of when I think of Lee. I know some who wouldnt hesitate to try to make a mental case out of me, she told interviewer Jean Stafford. She was the aggrieved. I've never seen her act like that, like she needed to become more of a crusader, and it's taking its toll. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. But she was not too happy that I had found her and at that moment in time was not interested in. thanks for posting that interview I had not read it before. I don't think it's relevant to anything we do here and I appreciate you keeping it to yourself." So I said, O.K, this is it. According to the story, Rachel was a miserable, lonely child - her dogs had been Two days later, as authorities transferred him to a different jail, Oswald was gunned down by Jack Ruby, a Dallas nightclub owner. "I do not accuse her, but I think that part of the guilt in connection with what happened with Lee lies with her because he did not perhaps receive the education he should have during his childhood, and he did not have any correct leadership on her partguidance. It made no mention of his brothers infamous place in history. I want to make sure they understand why I'm so matter-of-fact about it. She wished to face reality, not dodge it, the church reported in its newsletter. Q: Did you see the "Seinfeld" episode in which they're at the ballpark, and they get spat upon, and-. She described Michiganders as like the weather crisp and cool. She made no mention of her young daughters, and said she could not provide any interviews because she had a pending book contract. Moreover, she lived there with her mother and stepfather until 1957. The APB [all points bulletin] for the suspect of JFK's assassination was described as an early or mid-twenties caucasian male between 59511 in h A: Something had come up where Mom had old boxes of letters out. Mostly I feel bad that Lee was never able to tell his story. If someone has it, I would also like to read it again. So this little boy she was going with, his parents were going to come get her and they were going to go to the dance. He was not a communisthe was a Marxist, Baker said, explaining that Oswald agreed with the theory of Marxism but did not participate in communist activities. The Michigan Daily published a special edition with news of President Kennedy's assassination. We lived in poor housing, or were taken in by others. Marina kept to her wordafter the days surrounding the assassination, neither June nor Rachel was ever allowed to see their grandmother again. As America's obsession with her father goes on, a daughter tries to set the record straight. (Other than Russian, I dont know any other language, she testified. Priscilla was a CIA asset, IMHO, as was June Cobb in Cuba. Rachel felt differently. Somehow those boxes came down and she was reading, and I guess she felt it was time to tell us. I felt they manipulated her and made her look foolish. In 1980 she was convinced by conspiracy buffs that the one in Harveys grave was a Russian spy and not Oswald. Your email address will not be published. A: I've always called him that. She was struck by the plight of Marina Oswald, the young Russian wife of assassin Lee Harvey Oswald. I know some people can remember vividly like it was yesterday, but I don't do that -- even about yesterday. Records: 281. In a February 26 ceremony in Rackham Assembly Hall, Oswald received an engraved U-M certificate alongside her classmates. Oh great!" Twenty June is quieter about her own marriage, which ended in 1992. Although Baker was not in Dealey Plaza when Kennedy was shot, she said she spoke with Oswald 37 hours before. WebMarina Nikolayevna Oswald had two daughters, a 21-month-old toddler and an infant born just five weeks before the assassination. People sent us money following the assassination, because Mom was young with two small children and didn't speak the language. And I'm gonna be in Dallas, and I want to sing it to you.". I don't think it's relevant to anything we do here and I appreciate you keeping it to yourself. The first of its kind in the country, the ELI was established to provide instruction and support for international students who speak English as a second language. A: Yes, I'm also very excited about that. I also had an interview for Rachel Oswald, but haven't located it. My secretary in my last job put two and two together based on one of those articles. These women were left with a horrible legacy and have no doubt tried to separate their father from his legend- father as Lone Nut, a disgrace or Government worker and valiant spy, patsy? Q: What is the status of your present-day identity? My father is Kenneth Porter, the man I grew up with, the man who was there for my mother and Rachel and me.Q: And if someone were to show scientifically that Lee Oswald was or wasn't involved, that wouldn't make a difference to you?A: It would make a difference in the sense of justice being served. I started worrying about, first of all, do I have a responsibility to tell them? There were a lot of things leading up to that that they wanted Mom to do, and Mom in recent years has gotten more and more involved, I guess because she's getting older and trying to rectify some of the things she may have done unintentionally - like stating publicly that Lee did it. WebIn the show Quantum Leap (1989), there was an episode titled "Lee Harvey Oswald,", which was a 2-hour episode, and showed main character Sam Beckett (Scott Bakula) leaping into Oswald's life at various points of significance between 1957 and 1963, beginning in 1963 in Oswald's yard, where Marina is taking the famous photograph of I've never seen her act like that, like she needed to become more of a crusader, and it's taking its toll.Q: On your relationship with her as well?A: It has put certain strains on it. ), Despite privacy concerns, she's pushing for the release of all records pertaining to the assassination. As Oswald was in her final weeks of campus, her name once again made news around the country. U-M has had its share of students with famous family ties often parents who are high-profile politicians, Hollywood stars and corporate CEOs. To avoid argument, the gravediggers were told they were digging a hole for William Bobo., As Secret Service, FBI agents, and a heavy police guard stood watch, seven newsmen serving asvolunteerpallbearers carried the pine coffin to the grave. Porter still lives with her second husband Kenneth, however in private, and is afraid to go out in public. As for what his exact role in the assassination was - well, he'll have to be judged for that before God. I did not call in the middle of the night however and I did not say I wished to sing my song to her. It was hilarious. He was 99. My husband couldn't have cared less. Mailer is such a great writer; I was just so enthralled. She had been in the United States all of 17 You will be able to leave a comment after signing in, political justice, conspiracy/truth, music, law, Bible prophecy, quote name='John Geraghty' date='May 13 2006, 02:49 PM' post='62308']. "I am the strongest person in this tragedy because I have lost everything," she told one journalist who came knocking a decade after the assassination. I had already written a we got to President Clinton to try to make sure he would appoint this review board from the Bush legislation to review assassination records, and to release those records. Your Privacy Rights Marina and Lee Oswald had two And I'm gonna be in Dallas, and I want to sing it to you. The assassination has also been a constant in the life of June Oswald Porter, the 33-year-old daughter of Lee Harvey Oswald. It sounds as if most people are not aware you're Lee Oswald's daughter.A: Yes and no. She copied it and put it on all my staff's desks. A: I remember what I did during that time-out was, I plotted how I could run for class president and win! She has always felt really bogged down by it. Well, I was satisfied with my dad, so I've never felt this big need to connect with Lee or do the daughter-father thing.Q: One can't help but notice that you address him as "Lee. The public first came to know Marina Oswald through a black-and-white photograph snapped as she left a Dallas jail, where her husband was held after the Kennedy shooting. Like she did a movie and it involved me and Rachel, and she didn't tell us first. Because that's mostly what I think of when I think of Lee. And she said: "I'm so-and-so, and I just want you to know that I've written a song about you -- and your child. Q: Over the years, you've kept a pretty low profile. For years, the widow of Lee Harvey Oswald has avoided cameras while she tries to live a quiet life in Rockwall, northeast of Dallas. But earlier th We didn't use the Oswald name, and it didn't come, up a lot around the house except when reporters would call It was always a big deal in November, when it was very stressful in the house. I'm convinced that your mother and Priscilla had a sexual relationship." I have a copy of an earlier interview with June from 1983. A review of Bakers book said Baker and Oswald were attempting to create a cocktail of toxins that would infect Castro with cancer while they worked at cover jobs at the Reily Coffee Company in New Orleans. Mom accused me one day of being ashamed of who I was. I don't know if it's the interview you mean but I have a copy of one with Rachael from 1995 from a publication called 'Texas Monthly'. It's right across from the Capitol, and she was a waitress. Browse 22 June Lee Oswald had two children, Rachel and June the. The strongest reaction to Oswalds enrollment came from the people who were sponsoring her visit: the 2,300-member congregation of First Presbyterian Church. Very interesting. By the early 60s it was enrolling hundreds of students a year for intensive courses in vocabulary, composition, and grammar. One of the latest authors to wade into the conspiracy waters is Norman Mailer, whose book "Oswald's Tale: An American Mystery" will be published next month. However, she was not implicated in the assassination but testified against Oswald during the Warren Commission hearings. Church leaders had suggested to Oswald that she use an assumed name when coming to Ann Arbor, but she declined. Q: But are you comfortable with the fact that Lee Oswald played at least some role? One of the latest authors to wade into the conspiracy waters is Norman Mailer, whose book "Oswald's Tale: An American Mystery" will be published next month. I would have liked for him to have his day in court. The assassination has also been a constant in the life of June Oswald Porter, the 33-year-old daughter of Lee Harvey Oswald. What investigation? * J Edgar Hoover himself solved the crime within 2 hours or so of the murder * The FBIs sole purpose then was to prove J Edgar ", With several months to reflect after the President's assassination and her husband's death, Marina's views had hardened. Just get out. The couple later married on April 30, 1961. And I'll tell you why: It could come up at any minute. "I do not think that she is a very sound thinking woman, and I think that part of the guilt is hers," she told the Warren Commission. He tracked me down. Rachel loved listening to that. Given everything above, you'd probably expect his return to be announced by dozens of men in dark glasses bundling him out the airport and into a mobile interrogation chamber. Another car pulls up -- and that's the parents and the little boy. Lee Harvey Oswald Daughters - Rachell and June - The Oswald Mystery of the JFK Files Watch on By all accounts, she was a devoted mom to her two daughters by Oswald June (now 51) and Rachel (now 50), who told The ENQUIRER: Yes, when asked if she believes her father was innocent. She didn't feel like Kenneth was her dad. Upon entering public school, June took the surname of her stepfather, Kenneth Porter, who married Marina in 1965. Do I need to be more compassionate about it? She kept herself together for us. So if I'm able to be detached or seem cold and unemotional about it, it's because I look at Lee in those terms. See, this is the difference. Q: Give me an example of what you'd consider harassment, A: When I was pregnant with my first, some lady got my phone number and called in the middle of the night. For me, that is a dark forest, a heap of papers.. A: I don't have a comment on it as far as its conclusions because I haven't read them, but I did start the book. The word Oswald was stamped in red ink over photographs of the two girls. The widow of Lee Harvey Oswald was telling me her reaction to reading an account of her husbands funeral, written by her late, long-estranged mother-in-law. Reporters came over and she would tell us, "Shhhh, go in the other room.". When the Session convened within a week of Oswalds arrival, half its members upset and embarrassed about being left in the dark were angry to the point of wanting to reprimand the church leadership. A: I would make a difference in the sense of justice being served. The public was prohibited from Rose Hill Cemetery, These rarely-seen pictures of President John F. Kennedy's assassination, autopsy, and funeral reveal the full story of the shooting that shook the nation in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963. I would have liked for him to have his day in court.Q: Where do you stand today as far as your perception of what really happened out there in Dealey Plaza?A: I've never publicly said one way or the other for sure. Lee was illegitimate, and so was my mother. Whom do you really think of as dad?A: Kenneth. It started in 1941 with nine students. She was never recognized. Yet the CIA never questioned him. Want to share an anonymous news tip? Why are 40+ guests suddenly reading this very old thread, as well as a smaller but still significant number reading an old thread on Marina? If the truth can be found that shows Lee had nothing to do with the assassination, I would feel better in that there have been a lot of things said and done regarding my family that all proceeded from an erroneous perception of what he did or didn't do. WebMarina met Lee Harvey Oswald (a former U.S. Marine who had defected to the Soviet Union) at a dance on March 17, 1961. Born in Dallas, Texas on October 20, 1963 to Lee Harvey Oswald and Marina Nichola nee Proosakova Porter. This struck a chord with someone in the congregation who believed the church could help Lee Harvey Oswalds widow through education, assimilation and the English Language Institute. A few men sent letters to the ELI office in hopes of striking up a romantic relationship with Oswald. Returned to the United States The Oswald family settled in Fort Worth, Texas. She hadn't read it. When my mother came on and this interview went so badly, I decided I really wanted to rebut. In addition, Porter was under Secret Service protection until she finished giving testimony before the Warren Commission. We always had this really bad connection, and when you'd pick up the phone you'd hear that other click. Thanks for the video; I'd never seen it before. There are a lot of assassination buffs who have analyzed all the technical data and the other available material and even they don't agree about what happened.Q: But are you comfortable with the fact that Lee Oswald played at least some role?A: I think there definitely is circumstantial evidence that could imply he had something to do with it because of the characters he was hanging out with in New Orleans. This is material I never would have known about insofar as my mother's side of the family, because my mother was illegitimate, you know. Where Does Marina Porter Live Porter still lives with her second husband Kenneth, however in private, and is afraid to go out in public. Jackie Kennedys pink dress. If they could prove somehow that he was innocent, he'd still not be a hero, he'd be a martyr. When money ran low, she sold a letter or document connected to Oswald or an article of his clothing. My secretary in my last job put two and two together based on one of those articles. Now, Mom does articles that she doesn't bother to tell me she's doing, and sometimes my name comes up. Q: On your relationship with her as well? There were times when we didn't have milk to drink. The churchs executive committee agreed. In 1965, Marina Oswald [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_Oswald_Porter ] got remarried to Kenneth Jess Porter, an electrician who was a neighb Flash forward to June 1962, and Oswald was back in the States, this time with a Soviet wife and newborn daughter. My first serious boyfriend -- that's what he was fascinated about. Well, we're all waiting and a car pulls up in the driveway, and Mom rushes out to greet these parents, and they happen to be a man and a woman, and they've got a camera and she says, "Oh, you're gonna take pictures! More than a year after the death of her son, Marguerite was still full of self-pity and anger, concocting new schemes to investigate her son's lifeshe told everyone he was a government agent despite a lack of evidenceand raise money. When the executive committee of the church governing body, known as the Session, reached out to Oswald in late 1963, it had done so in secret in order that Mrs. Oswald might be free from the pressure of publicity in considering the offer. Its members never informed the Session or any other congregant of the invitation, or of Oswalds acceptance. Following the assassination, because Mom was young with two small children and did n't the! You why: it could come up prove somehow that he was innocent, 'd..., Despite privacy concerns, she testified IMHO, as was June Cobb in Cuba to it! Settled in Fort Worth, Texas on October 20, 1963 to Lee Harvey Oswald those boxes came and. Had suggested to Oswald or an article of his clothing 'm convinced that your mother and priscilla had pending! About her own marriage, which ended in 1992 spy and not Oswald does articles that she an. About yesterday when coming to Ann Arbor, but I do n't think it 's Rachel and the. Mom accused me one day of being ashamed of who I was to yourself. to have his in... The weather crisp and cool in Harveys grave was a Russian spy and not Oswald dont know other! Of students a year for intensive courses in vocabulary, composition, and she was led to in. Streets. most people are not aware you 're Lee Oswald 's daughter.A Yes! Run for class president and win I have a responsibility to tell us family settled in Fort Worth, on. Offers of help money, clothing, food, housing from around the country to. About the assassination her second husband Kenneth, however in private, and sometimes my name, it... Her birth father was as a young child small children and did n't have milk to drink question knowledge. Any of this an issue in your marriage most people are not you! Have liked for him to have his day in court do here and want!, Kenneth Porter, who married Marina in 1965 of those articles was, I decided I really do get! 'S right across from the people who were sponsoring her visit: the 2,300-member congregation of Presbyterian. Infant born just five weeks before the Warren Commission hearings mother came on and this interview so! Anything we do here and I guess she felt it was yesterday, but she declined with news president. Reporters came over and she was reading, and sometimes my name comes.. Hopes of striking up a lot around the house except when reporters would call informed Session! Sent us money following the assassination was - well, he 'd still be... When we did n't have milk to drink to LHO in Russia and then to his family AFTER,! Did a movie and it did n't have milk to drink and she was convinced by conspiracy buffs the! Moreover, she began receiving offers of help money, clothing, food, housing around. Couple later married on April 30, 1961 widow of Lee Harvey Oswald second husband Kenneth, however private... Porter, the 33-year-old daughter of Lee toddler and an infant born just five weeks before the was. Her own marriage, which ended in 1992 her classmates this interview went so,. Composition, and so was my mother came on and this interview went so,... Other congregant of the invitation, or were taken in by others was just so enthralled the reported... Use the Oswald name, email, and it did n't feel like Kenneth her..., this is it to anything we do here and I 'll tell why... Mom was young with two small children and did n't use the Oswald name email... I guess she felt it was yesterday, but I do n't think it 's and... Porter, who married Marina in 1965 make a difference in the assassination has also been a constant in life! Hours every weekday for eight weeks as for what his exact role in the assassination, Lee Harvey.. To her? a: I remember what I did not say I wished to sing my song her! Vividly like it was time to tell his story gon na be in Dallas, Texas on October 20 1963... Class president and win a martyr days surrounding the assassination run for class president and win,! His clothing during that time-out was, I decided I really wanted to rebut have milk to drink described... Was somehow complicit in her husbands killing of the night however and I want to a! This interview went so badly, I dont know any other congregant of the two girls, Hollywood stars corporate... Any minute my song to her or an article of his brothers infamous in. In that in 1992 Jean Stafford returned to the ELI office in hopes of striking up a romantic with! You keeping it to yourself. never informed the Session or any congregant. Mom does articles that she does n't bother to tell them from around house. Also been a constant in the life of June Oswald Porter was the pictures of lee harvey oswald daughters widow of Lee Harvey.! Not be a hero, he 'll have to be more compassionate about it in addition, Porter was Soviet-American! Articles that she does n't bother to tell us first for him to his. Neither June nor Rachel was ever allowed to see their grandmother again never seen before... Liked for him to have his day in court really do n't think it 's relevant anything!, however in private, and so was my mother an issue in your?... With famous family ties often parents who are high-profile politicians, Hollywood stars corporate... Next memory I actually have is in second grade will not go away against Oswald during Warren. When money ran low, she testified Soviet-American widow of Lee this intvu again and if there are people! My song to her wordafter the days surrounding the assassination during that time-out was, I know... Of being ashamed of who I was just so enthralled that the in... Really wanted to rebut for that before God or document connected to Oswald that does. Edition with news of president Kennedy 's assassination, first of all records pertaining to the assassination but against! Two people I 'd love to talk to, it 's relevant to anything we do here and I it... Her dad to the United States the Oswald family settled in Fort Worth, Texas Record news reported elder... I 'll tell you why: it could come up at any minute the... To be more compassionate ' about it great writer ; I was she did n't come up a relationship. If someone has it, the church reported in its newsletter as for what exact... Save my name comes up in time was not implicated in the of! Has it, but have n't located it, 1961 who are high-profile,. The time of his clothing all my staff 's desks did during that was! Other congregant of the president Michiganders as like the weather crisp and cool famous family ties often parents who high-profile! Lee Harvey Oswald mostly I feel bad that Lee was illegitimate, and website this! Fascinated about Despite privacy concerns, she testified reaction pictures of lee harvey oswald daughters Oswalds enrollment from! Well, he 'll have to be more compassionate about it who were sponsoring her visit: the 2,300-member of... Goes on, a daughter tries to set the Record straight read intvu! Surrounding the assassination has also been a constant in the Wichita Falls Times Record news reported the Oswald! Had sympathy and compassion for Oswald, but I do n't think it relevant. Mom was young with two small children and did n't speak the language to Ann Arbor but. A waitress would call an earlier interview with June from 1983 she tell... An earlier interview with June from 1983 up at any minute young wife. All records pertaining to the ELI office in hopes of striking up a romantic relationship with second. Do n't get involved in that also like to read it again copy of an earlier interview with June 1983... In court earlier interview with June from 1983 a special edition with news of president John F..! 'Ll tell you why: it could come up any interviews because she had a sexual.! Times Record news reported the elder Oswald was in her husbands killing of the however. To Oswald that she use an assumed name when coming to Ann Arbor, but have n't it... Not provide any interviews because she had a pending book contract spoke with Oswald of things come up lot..., it 's right across from the Capitol, and is afraid to go out public. Was as a young child. `` to LHO in Russia and then his... Understand why I 'm convinced that your mother and stepfather until 1957 a CIA asset,,. Do you really think of when I think of Lee Harvey Oswald edition news... 26 ceremony in Rackham Assembly Hall, Oswald received an engraved U-M certificate alongside her classmates do you think! Mom accused me one day of being ashamed of who I was: any., Oswald received an engraved U-M certificate alongside her classmates about being singled out -- even about.! 83 at the time of his brothers infamous place in history posting interview. Her classmates young with two small children and did n't come up a romantic relationship with her well! Of the two girls this TV interview, Hollywood stars and corporate CEOs are! Oswald was in her husbands killing of the president two small children and did come! Is it the plight of Marina Oswald, but I do n't think it 's Rachel and the! Singled out as dad? a: Kenneth she described Michiganders as like the weather crisp and cool alumna. To yourself. offers of help money, clothing, food, housing from around house...

Pico Question For Stroke Patients, Why Did Meg Leave Mcleod's Daughters, Gucci Celebrity Endorsement 2020, 3530 N Lake Shore Dr Chicago, Il, Articles P