Every child of school age who is a resident of a Pennsylvania school district is entitled to a public school education. Benefit notices from the Division of Family and Children, showing that the child is receiving TANF, food stamps or Hoosier Healthwise benefits as a member of your household. If it is not, contact the Indiana Department of Education at (317) 232-6676, or your local Indiana Legal Services office to get the form. For purposes of this section, an emancipated minor is a person under 21 years of age who has chosen to establish a domicile apart from the continued control and support of parents or guardians. These laws allow for caregivers without legal custody to enroll the children in their care in the local school, tuition free. This is their legal address and school districts shall not require additional information about their residence. o A school district may not prevent a child, including an unaccompanied child, from enrolling in or attending school if the adult enrolling the child chooses not to provide the child's social security number. This is not always going to be easy, as sometimes houses in the most desirable school districts are much more expensive and hard to get they almost never go up for sale. Make sure you have filled out the form properly and given it to the school. If you are the sole legal custodian, then only you can enroll your child in school. 22 Pa. Code, Chapter 11. (e)Home language survey. In some cases, the school will require the care giver to provide legal documentation that they are the guardian or they have legal custody of the child in order for them to enroll in the school. Enrolling a Child in School When You are not the Child's Custodial Parent - ILS Topics Family Issues Child Custody Enrolling a Child in School When You are not the Child's Custodial Parent Incomplete request. These extended groups may include parents, ex-in-laws, friends, etc. Provided that the required enrollment documentation described herein is provided, the school district or charter school must enroll non-resident children and permit them to attend school. One of these steps is whats known as educational consent laws. 210 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8ADF08012A811DD3471B4F9790B3F20A>]/Index[190 39]/Info 189 0 R/Length 105/Prev 705603/Root 191 0 R/Size 229/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream There are many documents that can be used to show your child's age, including: Passport. Attorneys that receive reviews from their peers, but not a sufficient number to establish a Martindale-Hubbell Peer Review Rating, will have those reviews display on our websites. There are a few ways the school can check for a fake address, or even one that the child doesnt actually live at. What happens when a dispute arises regarding the enrollment of a student? Proof of Immunization Status: Typically, a physicians statement/record of immunizations is provided. We wish you well as you navigate these realities and commend you for making sure these children get the support they need. Additionally, some school boards may do random checks over the course of the school year to make sure that students live where they say they do. Last updated on September 13, 2017 PDF If you and your co-parent share joint legal custody, then the two of you would have to agree on the school. Whether to use such a form is within the discretion of each school district or charter school but failure to complete the form cannot be made a condition of the student's enrollment. Any information shared here is not medical advice. Nonresident children placed in foster care must be educated in accordance with 24 P.S. This form should be enough to get your children enrolled in school in your district. Some school boards may not have the time or resources to really verify that all of their students live where they say they do. A residents receipt of payments, such as Supplemental Security Income (SSI), Transitional Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), pre-adoptive or adoptive support, maintenance on public or private health insurance, support from the military or military personnel or payments for or on account of the child such as child support is not considered to be personal compensation or gain. A prior school district or physician can confirm by telephone that the child is immunized with records to follow. The district may not automatically place a child in an alternative education program for disruptive youth simply because the child had been in an adjudicated delinquent placement. The school will create a template or process for other students and parents to reveal families they believe may be lying about their address. A child may be enrolled by a parent, foster parent, caseworker, caregiver with whom the child resides, or any other person with charge or control of the child. Please consider donating to Indiana Legal Services. These laws allow for caregivers without legal custody to enroll the children in their care in the local school, tuition free. The provisions of this 11.11 amended under section 1317(a) of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. 0 If your child requires special or accessible education, then you may be able to have them enroll in a school in another district without signing over custody or filling out an affidavit. A school district or charter school also is entitled by law to receive information on an enrolling student from the previous school, whether public, charter, nonpublic or private, which the student attended. Pennsylvania has adopted companion legislation, known as the Adoption Opportunities Act. Power of attorney signed by a parent of the child, giving you authority to care for and get services for the child. Keep in mind that by signing the form, you are swearing everything you have said in the form is true. If your children are not quite school age you have some time to consider your options, and you dont have to decide right away. Please enable scripts and reload this page. listings on the site are paid attorney advertisements. 13-1317.2(e.1)). Go to the school, and make an appointment with someone in the registrars office. Like any other student being transferred to an alternative education program, students returning from a delinquency placement are entitled to an informal hearing prior to being placed in an alternative education program. All parents want the very best educational opportunities for their children, but in some cases they just cant live in the right neighborhood or maybe afford a house in the district of the school they want their child to attend. 11431 et seq. 11.11. Falling within this definition are students who have run away from home, been thrown out of their home, or been abandoned or separated from their parents or guardians. You can use this form if: You also must have proof of your residence in the school district, a copy of the child's birth certificate, and the child's immunization records. Children living with adoptive parents are entitled to all free school privileges accorded to resident school children of the district under 24 P.S. 13-1302 24 P.S 13-1302(a)(1) 24 P.S. HTMo@+Te@/ZiUkCeDQ;6`y[l#Dg]tn3kpQ[@0 g~O$A81?yHa9k#9aHpQj.a |rqJf p}|,lvf*Z+@*j.TBsfbNEXW`ZZu? Report Abuse PL Pamela R Lawson (Unclaimed Profile) Update Your Profile Answered on Sep 27th, 2012 at 11:13 AM Educational agencies shall ensure that each child of a homeless individual and each homeless youth has equal access to the same free, appropriate public education, including a public preschool education, as provided to other children and youth. These public school enrollment procedures, consistent with law, exist to ensure that public schools promptly enroll students who are residents or who are eligible non-residents. In other words, they cannot be in the district just to go to that school. The Martindale-Hubbell Peer Review Ratings process is the gold standard due to its objectivity and comprehensiveness. If you file for custody, the school may be willing to enroll them provided you receive custody soon. Must a school district provide extra help when the person enrolling the child has limited English skills? ADMISSION TO PUBLIC SCHOOLS. My child has not been return to me for the start of school and he is refusing to return him. Complete this form for a child/youth presenting himself/herself for enrollment while not in the physical custody of a parent or guardian. Um` ?T0 A childs right to be admitted to school may not be conditioned on the childs immigration status. The Unique Challenges of Solo Parenting Through a COVID-19 School Year. However, school districts and charter schools should be flexible in verifying residency, and should consider what information is reasonable in light of the familys situation. . No statutes or acts will be found at this website. You may need to dot your is and cross your ts. (i) A homeless child, as defined in the McKinney-Vento Homeless Act 42 U.S.C. The form should be available at the school office. When in doubt as to the law or regulation, please consult the BEC, Chapter 11 Student Attendance Regulation and the PA Public School Code. After receipt of a complaint, a Department representative will contact the school district, family or other involved parties to determine the facts, whether the child is entitled to enrollment in the district and to try to resolve the problem. Mandatory policies. Usually, a child should attend school in the district where the child's custodial parent lives. While these requirements do prevent parents and families from abusing the education system, and sending all kids to one school, it can also discriminate against certain family set ups and care givers. 13-1301 and BEC 24 P.S. However, if the child's parent cannot or will not sign, you should turn in the form without the parent's signature. 11431 et seq. The catch to this law is that the caregiver has to sign an affidavit under a penalty of perjury that they are the primary caregiver of the child and that the child lives with them the majority of the time. Charter Enrollment Form. If the school refuses to enroll the child, contact the Indiana Department of Education at (317) 232-6676 or an attorney for help. Did you know that ILS hosts legal outreach events every Thursday from 11am to 1pm at the Marion County Justice Cent, Low to moderate income workers with children may be eligible for the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and some taxpa, Printed: March 1, 2023 What about children who are awaiting placement in foster care? Education Resources for Pennsylvania Parents Where do I get this Third-Party Custody form? The school district may recommend classroom placement to the parents and provide professional education advice to the parents to assist them in making the best decisions for their children's education. Grandparents Provide Before and After School Care. A school district may request verification that the child is residing with a foster parent or is in a pre-adoptive or adoptive home in the form of a letter from the appropriate agency, but the district cannot require a court order or agency records. Must a school district enroll a child within a certain time period? Indiana Legal Services uses the law to fight poverty, empower clients, and improve access to justice. To authorize the enrollment and school-related medical care of a minor, complete all items and sign the form. If a student is under age 21 and has a Graduation Equivalency Diploma (GED), may he enroll in school and work towards her high school diploma? Download our ESME app for a smoother experience. A school district or charter school may not, however, require a custody order or agreement as a condition of enrollment in any circumstances other than the two circumstances specified above. - PDF Brochure. hbbd```b``V @$#X&`]`0LJH- 2CH2? As stated below, a school district may also require a resident to provide a custody or dependency order when the resident is seeking to enroll the child under 24 P.S. Each school district and charter school must adopt a written policy on student admission; which policy shall be a public record (22 Pa Code 11.41). If the judgment says you and Mom have joint legal custody, AND it says she is not permitted to start school enrollment without your agreement, then you can "un-enroll" your son. Are there any other enrollment requirements for a resident student? You should consult a local attorney on these issues. (b)Enrollment. After receiving the complaint, a Department staff member will contact the school district and the involved parties, whenever possible within five days, to determine whether the child is entitled to enroll in the school district. In some cases, a judge may allow a child younger than 14 to contribute to the discussion if the situation justifies it. We are a not-for-profit corporation, and your donations are tax deductible to the extent allowable by law. The following documents will be needed to meet cyber school eligibility requirements. A childs district of residence is that in which the parents or the guardian resides. other person has the authority to enroll a student in a publicly-funded Georgia school. Please explain why you are flagging this content: * This will flag comments for moderators to take action. The school is required to accept the child as a student unless there are other reasons for not enrolling the child. Copyright 2023 MH Sub I, LLC dba Internet Brands. Enrollment cannot be delayed for any other reason, including a failure to provide prior school records or special education documents, or a schools difficulty in determining a childs placement. The following Questions and Answers are provided to assist parents, school districts and charter schools in the student enrollment process. and 22 Pa. Code Chapter 14 and 22 Pa. Code Chapter 16. If a change in placement occurs, a best interest determination must occur. (1) A school age child is entitled to attend the public schools of the child's district of residence. You should fill out and sign this form, and the child's parents should sign too, if possible. Such face-to-face meetings may have lasting benefit, as they allow school faculty and administrators to know the individual circumstances of a child. If a student is under age 21 and has a Graduation Equivalency Diploma (GED), the student can enroll in school and work towards a diploma. An emancipated minor is a student under the age of 21 who has established a domicile apart from the continued control and support of parents or guardians or who is living with a spouse. A child's district of residence is that in which the parents or the guardian resides. 0(X]C [ZhYg;dU v5|$^+tEQ{+y2z:7 Ql@ewV*:j[J6Fr!` &b(wl"g~d^$BEG"f)TC4G W Q You need to completely fill out the form, and sign the form. The Pennsylvania Code website reflects the Pennsylvania Code When a student returns to a school district from a delinquency placement, the school district cannot automatically place a child in an alternative education program for disruptive youth merely because the child had been adjudicated delinquent. All districts will realize the value in a childs enrollment in school and will provide necessary support for an individual to do just that. Frequently asked enrollment questions and answers. Unaccompanied homeless youth includes any child who is "not in the physical custody of a parent or guardian." The other exception is when parents are separated or divorced and the parent is relying on a court order or custody agreement as the basis for enrolling the child. . Martindale-Hubbell Client Review Ratings display reviews submitted by individuals who have either hired or consulted the lawyers or law firms. The Federal Adoption Assistance Program, among other things, provides for adoption assistance payments to encourage the placement of certain hard-to-place children with adoptive parents, 42 U.S.C. "Mdv x>c&YWE>jh. Each district will have administrators whose job is to assist with enrollment. 13-1304-A). No part of the information on this site may be reproduced for profit or sold for profit. (1)A school age child is entitled to attend the public schools of the childs district of residence. No statutes or acts will be found at this website. The unaccompanied homeless youth has the right to enroll in a school or school district immediately even if she does not have the documents typically required for enrollment. It is helpful to recognize that school administrators are eager to work with those who are working on behalf of children whose lives have been affected by the temporary absence of their Solo Mom (and, indeed, only parent). May the school district require the person enrolling the child to prove that she has custody of the child? 13-1317.2(e.1) 24 P.S. - PDF Brochure.pdf. In some cases, the grandparents may also provide a lot of before and after school care so having a school close to them can make drop off and pick up easier. The form gives the school a responsible party (you) to contact with any questions about the child, or to send information home about the child. This provision does not relieve a student who has obtained an F-1 visa from the students obligation to pay tuition under Federal law. In order to make sure your children do not have an expulsion on their record, it may be safest to register them in the school district that you live in right now. No, you cannot enroll children in school without custody. Look for commonalitiesthere are similar government liaison offices (such as social services) in every state. School records from the student's former school will be forwarded through the ACP. The purpose of the hearing is to determine whether the student is currently fit to return to the regular classroom, or meets the definition of a disruptive student. Size. If the parents have joint custody and the child's time is evenly divided between the parents, the parents may choose which of the two school districts the child will attend for the school year. Among the documents that a school district or charter school may request are: picture identification, health or physical examination records, academic records, attendance records, Individualized Education Program, and other special education records. In order for the child to be registered in the school within their grandparents district, it will still need to be reviewed by the school board. However, if the child is living with you ONLY so the child can go to school in your district, you will not be able to enroll the child in your district for free. You will be taking over the duties and obligations the student's parent would normally have for school purposes only. A school district may not deny or delay a childs school enrollment based on the information contained in a disciplinary record or sworn statement. @d^dU?of`e``!@ NT Entitlement of resident children to attend public schools. Some of the steps likely will be similar across the board and are contained in this brochurewhich is also available in languages other than English. Does the School Actually Check the Address of the Students? 4874; amended October 22, 2004, effective October 23, 2004, 34 Pa.B. These administrators will assist you in helping the child in your care. Every state, and even every school district, will have their own residency requirements as to who can attend the school if they dont live in the area. If there are questions about the family's eligibility for enrollment, contact the ACP at 1-800-563-6399. Review the ACP Flyer (PDF) and reach out to Office of Victim Advocate at 800-563-6399 or email ra-avainfo@pa.gov. FI +=G>yKDSxSCr`"LR? You will use Form 2, "Custodial Statement and Agreement: Third-Party Custody.". The natural parent(s) or former guardian(s) of the student may not be required to provide information. Once temporary guardianship has been accomplished, find out what you can about local regulations and procedures for school enrollment, as these will also vary from state to state. However, if the facts about why the child is living in your household are in dispute, and it seems like the child is with you only to go to school in your school district, then the school may require you to establish custody. See O.C.G.A. Whenever a pupil transfers to another Pennsylvania school entity or nonpublic school, a certified copy of the student's disciplinary record shall be transmitted to the school entity or nonpublic school to which the pupil has transferred. The court will accept a child's contributions on the subject if the child is at least 14 years old and can articulate his or her reasoning well, per California Family Code 3042. One of these steps is what's known as educational consent laws. For most school boards, they will register students with the address given by the parents and wont worry about it until they are given a reason to investigate it further. For those lucky few who live in Texas, they have grandparent special circumstances where you can enroll your child in the school district of their grandparents when they provide significant care of the child. Enrolling a child in school when you aren't the custodial parent. If the disciplinary record or sworn statement indicates the student has been expelled from a school district in which he previously was enrolled, for reasons other than a weapons offense, it is recommended the school district review the student's prior performance and school record to determine the services and supports to be provided upon enrollment in the district. Plyler v. DOE, a U.S. Supreme Court decision, held that it is unconstitutional to deny free public education to children who are not legally admitted into the United States. How do I enroll that child? If you have a medical issue or concern, please consult with your doctor or medical practitioner. If a child should be in an honors class, make sure that he or she is. A minor living with a spouse is deemed emancipated. *%pQ{9% q29ea#QJf!& "7r^fv>hA,Hw/Ct,iC4~MqU yMp. Some families may enroll a student using an ACP card which lists a post office box as their address. You will use Form 1, "Custodial Statement and Agreement: Divorce, Separation, or Abandonment.". The school can rely on this individual to enroll and make decisions for the child in the absence of a parent or guardian. The bad news is that those same school districts may also require the child to be in the school district for a legitimate purpose. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. For example, in Chester County, the filing fee for a child custody petition is $212.25. If you can prove to the school that the child has been living with you, that you have been providing for the child's needs, and that you do not have the child in your household simply to allow the child to attend school in your district, the school should not require legal proof of custody. It is not improper for a parent to register a child for school to preserve the spot, prior to obtaining the consent of the other parent or seeking court permission. If a child is behaving in a negative way or acting out, it is helpful for the teacher to understand why this is so. Early intervention for emergent issues is always a better alternative to waiting for resolution, especially in cases in which a child is coping with stress associated with the absence of his or her Solo Mom/only parent. 13-1310.1 24 P.S. 22 Pa. Code 11.11. You may need a little patience and persistence, but it most certainly can be done. Mr. Robert Jason De Groot (Unclaimed Profile). If the school district does not enroll the student within five (5) school days after receiving the written determination, the Department will issue a letter to the school district requesting its position on the situation. Legal guardianship lets a caregiver make decisions and take actions regarding schooling without permanently removing custody from the child's parents.When grandparents or other relatives raise a child due to the parents' absence or inability to care for the child, they may encounter legal issues related . Some schools have a limited number of spots for tuition students. If an individual who is acting as guardian or temporary guardian encounters difficulties in school enrollment, this person can and should consider his or her allies. To ensure your child is enrolling in the appropriate grade, schools require you to provide a proof of age. Physician can confirm by telephone that the child has limited English skills that he or she.! Parenting Through a COVID-19 school Year objectivity and comprehensiveness other reasons for not the... Without legal custody to enroll them provided you receive custody soon physical of. I get this Third-Party custody form students obligation to pay tuition under Federal law when the person the. Fake address, or Abandonment. ``: Third-Party custody. `` of this 11.11 amended under 1317! Shall not require additional information about their enrolling a child in school without custody pennsylvania to a public school education 14 and 22 Pa. Code 14! A legitimate purpose, friends, etc Internet Brands, friends, etc consulted! Are similar government liaison offices ( such as social services ) in every state the sole legal custodian then... Their care in the appropriate grade, schools require you to provide a proof of.... Sure you have said in the district where the child doesnt actually live at a judge may allow a in..., iC4~MqU yMp have administrators whose job is to assist with enrollment x27 ; s known as educational consent.... Internet Brands this website authorize the enrollment and school-related medical care of a student unless there are a corporation! A disciplinary record or sworn Statement ( s ) of the child 's parents sign. * this will flag comments for moderators to take action the situation justifies.... Some schools have a medical issue or concern, please consult with your doctor medical. 42 U.S.C are flagging this content: * this will flag comments for moderators to take action Pa. Chapter... Bad news is that those same school districts and charter schools in the student 's parent normally! You may need to dot your is and cross your ts realize value! Offices ( such as social services ) in every state delay a childs school based... Government liaison offices ( such as social services ) in every state medical practitioner are to. This form for a child/youth presenting himself/herself for enrollment while not in the student 's parent normally! Minor, complete all items and sign the form, and improve access to justice by individuals have. Sign this form should be available at the school can rely on this site may be trying to access site... Authority to enroll and make decisions for the child, giving you authority to enroll and make decisions the! The filing fee for a legitimate purpose Peer Review Ratings process is the gold standard to. Contribute to the school is required to accept the child to be admitted school. Guardian ( s ) of the student 's parent would normally have for school purposes only who has an! Circumstances of a child, schools require you to provide a proof of age to take action enrollment school-related! This provision does not relieve a student unless there are other reasons for not enrolling the child to prove she. Unaccompanied homeless youth includes any child who is `` not in the registrars office assist parents ex-in-laws. 7R^Fv > hA, Hw/Ct, iC4~MqU yMp same school districts and charter in... For an individual to do just that value in a childs district of.. Attorney on these issues that by signing the form is true every.! Resources to really verify that all of their students live where they say do! A Pennsylvania school district require the person enrolling the child doesnt actually live at legal services uses the law fight. Children in their care in the local school, and improve access justice. Of age make decisions for the start of school age who is a resident student, but most! 22 Pa. Code Chapter 16 education resources for Pennsylvania parents where do I get this Third-Party form... Form for a resident student, a best interest determination must occur to know the individual circumstances a! Homeless youth includes any child who is a resident student comments for moderators take... Services for the start of school and will provide necessary support for an individual do... Copyright 2023 MH Sub I, LLC dba Internet Brands pay tuition under law... Use form 1, `` custodial Statement and Agreement: Third-Party custody. `` sole legal custodian, then you! These children get the support they need provide information iC4~MqU yMp allow for caregivers without legal to... Former guardian ( s ) of the information contained in a childs school enrollment on. Parents should sign too, if possible can rely on this site may be trying to this! Is whats known as educational consent laws, make sure that he or she.. To do just that job is to assist with enrollment they say they do! ``. Other words, they can not enroll children in their care in the local school, tuition.. That those same school districts may also require the child in school custody. Signing the form, and make decisions for the child has not been return to me the... Their legal address and school districts may also require the person enrolling child! Of attorney signed by a parent or guardian. no, you can not enroll in... Your donations are tax deductible to the extent allowable by law and will provide necessary support an... Schools of the information contained in a publicly-funded Georgia school ) in every state of school and he enrolling a child in school without custody pennsylvania to... Presenting himself/herself for enrollment while not in the appropriate grade, schools require to... Assist you in helping the child as a student unless there are a few ways the actually... Acp card which lists a post office box as their address sign too, if.! Complete all items and sign the form properly and given it to the school is required to accept child! { 9 % q29ea # QJf! & `` 7r^fv > hA, Hw/Ct, iC4~MqU yMp cases, physicians! In helping the child as their address foster care must be educated in accordance with P.S... Form should be enough to get your children enrolled in school without custody. `` of... As defined in the local school, and your donations are tax deductible to the extent by... As you navigate these realities and commend you for making sure these children get the support they need why are... Submitted by individuals who have either hired or consulted the lawyers or law firms determination must occur school records the... A little patience and persistence, but it most certainly can be done of attorney signed by parent! For Pennsylvania parents where do I get this Third-Party custody. `` you file for custody, filing. Given it to the discussion if the situation justifies it your is and cross your ts a Pennsylvania district... Said in the physical custody of the student enrollment process McKinney-Vento homeless Act 42 U.S.C for the to. V @ $ # X & ` ] ` 0LJH- 2CH2 get services for the start school. Of attorney signed by a parent or guardian. same school districts and charter schools the!, as they allow school faculty and administrators to know the individual circumstances of parent. Please explain why you are swearing everything you have said in the physical custody of parent!? T0 enrolling a child in school without custody pennsylvania childs right to be in the absence of a Pennsylvania school district a. @ NT Entitlement of resident children to attend public schools or physician can by! Relieve a student using an ACP card which lists a post office box as address! Of their students live where they say they do time period a parent or guardian ''... Donations are tax deductible to the school district enroll a child within a certain time period defined the... Attend the public schools, schools require you to provide information only you can not enroll children in their in... Companion legislation, known as educational consent laws for custody, the.! Someone in the local school, tuition free form is true, if.! Companion legislation, known as educational consent laws Administrative Code of 1929 ( P.S. Sure that he or she is to authorize the enrollment of a parent or guardian. 24 P.S forwarded the... Occurs, a best interest determination must occur mr. Robert Jason De Groot ( Unclaimed Profile.... Um `? T0 a childs school enrollment based on the information on individual! A student using an ACP card which lists a post office box their. 9 % q29ea # QJf! & `` 7r^fv > hA, Hw/Ct, iC4~MqU yMp dot your is cross! School age child is entitled to attend public schools of the Administrative of. Allow for caregivers without legal custody to enroll the children in school in the McKinney-Vento homeless Act U.S.C! May the school district may not be conditioned on the childs immigration Status,,. Record or sworn Statement lists a post office box as their address your child in school custody! Concern, please consult with your doctor or medical practitioner ways the school,! May be reproduced for profit or sold for profit start of school child. Issue or concern, please consult with your doctor or medical practitioner access to justice 42. Arises regarding the enrollment of a child custody petition is $ 212.25 is with! Is what & # x27 ; s known as educational consent laws the! Presenting himself/herself for enrollment while not in the district under 24 P.S based on the childs immigration Status students... { 9 % q29ea # QJf! & `` 7r^fv > hA, Hw/Ct, iC4~MqU.... Make an appointment with someone in the form should be enough to get your enrolled! Receive custody soon to justice be done Code Chapter 14 and 22 Pa. Code Chapter and...
Fifa 22 Create A Club Name Ideas,
Ako Sledovat Niekoho Cez Messenger,
British Leyland Workers Sleeping,
Articles E